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$B6aG/!">.3X@8$NLs(J4$B3d$,E7F0@b$r?.$8$F$$$k$H$$$&JsF;$,$"$C$FOCBj$K$J$j$^$7$?$,!"3N$+$KIaCJIaDL$K@83h$7$F$$$k8B$j$K$*$$$F!"CO5e$,4]$/$FF0$$$F$$$k$H$$$&$3$H$rA[A|$5$;$k$b$N$K$O$J$+$J$+=P2q$($^$;$s!#8EBe$K$*$$$F$h$/$"$C$?$N$O!"BgCO$OJ?$i$G$=$N>e$KE73&$,$"$k$H$$$&$b$N$G$7$?!#(J
$BNc$($P!"8EBe%$%s%I$KC<$rH/$9$kJ)65$N@$3&4Q$G$O!"@$3&$O$$$/$D$+$N1_Cl$,=E$J$C$?$b$N$G!"$=$N0lHV>e$N1_Cl$N>e$K?M$N=;$`>l=j$,E=$j$D$$$F$$$k$H9M$($^$7$?!#@$3&$NCf?4$K$O5pBg$J;3$,$=$S$(!"B@M[$d@1!9$O$=$N1_Cl$N$^$o$j$r2s$k$b$N$H9M$(!"B@M[$,1_Cl$N1F$K$J$C$?$H$-$KLk$,$d$C$F$/$k$H;W$C$?$N$G$9!#(J

$B$=$l$G$b=d$j$/$k@1$N5,B'@-$O8E$/$+$i5$IU$+$l$F$$$^$7$?!#8EBe$N%a%=%]%?%_%"$G$O$9$G$K@1$rAH$_9g$o$;$F@1:B$r:n$k$3$H$^$G$7$F$$$^$7$?!#(J
$BCO5e$,4]$$$H$$$&$3$H$O$9$G$K%.%j%7%c$GCN$i$l$F$$$F!"5*85A0(J2$B@$5*$K%(%i%H%9%F%M%9(J Eratosthenes (c276BC - c194BC)$B$K$h$C$F7B$r7W;;$7$^$7$?!#(J
$BBgCO$,5eBN$G$"$k$H$9$k$J$i!"$=$N$^$o$j$r@1!9$,2s$C$F$$$k$H9M$($k$N$,IaDL$G$9!#%.%j%7%c$N%"%j%9%H%F%l%9(J Aristotle (384BC - 322BC)$B$OCO5e$N$^$o$j$r!"B@M[$dOG@1$r4^$`E7BN$,2sE>$7$F$$$k$H9M$($^$7$?!#$3$l$rE7F0@b$H$$$$$^$9!#$3$N%"%j%9%H%F%l%9$OJ*BN$N1?F0$J$I?'!9$J$3$H$r9M;!$7$F$$$?$N$G$9$,!"$=$l$i$N9M$($OD9$/Cf@$$K$*$$$F1F6A$rM?$(B3$1$^$7$?!#(J
$B$*$b$7$m$$$3$H$K!"%.%j%7%c$G$OE7F0@b$HF1;~$K!"CO5e$,B@M[$^$?$OB>$NE7BN$N$^$o$j$r$^$o$k$H$$$&COF0@b$bH/@8$7$F$$$^$7$?!#%"%j%9%?%k%3%9(J Aristarchus (c310BC - c230BC)$B$O1'Ch$NCf?4$KB@M[$,$"$j!"B>$NE7BN$OB@M[$N$^$o$j$r$^$o$C$F$$$k$H9M$($^$7$?!#$1$l$I$b!"COF0@b$OE7F0@b$KBP$7$F0lHLE*$G$O$J$+$C$?$h$&$G$9!#(J
$B0lG/$GAGD>$K0l<~$9$k91@1$H0c$C$F!"OG@1$O;~!95UJ}8~$K0\F0$7$?$j$7$^$9!#(J($B5U9T(J)

$B%R%C%Q%k%3%9(J Hipparchus (c190BC - c120BC)$B$OE7F0@b$NOG@1$N50F;$,$=$l$>$l>.$5$J1_$rIA$/<~E>1_$H$$$&9M$($rF3F~$7$F$3$N5U9T$r@bL@$7$h$&$H$7$^$7$?!#$5$i$K%W%H%l%^%$%*%9(J Claudius Ptolemy (c85 - c165)$B$K$J$k$H!"4QB,7k2L$H9g$o$;$k$?$a$KJ#;($J<~E>1_$rF3F~$9$k$h$&$K$J$C$F$$$-$^$7$?!#$3$N%W%H%l%^%$%*%9$N9M$($O%-%j%9%H652q$+$iG'$a$i$l!"=!65E*$K@5$7$$9M$($H$5$l$^$7$?!#(J
$B;~Be$O2<$C$F(J16$B@$5*$K$J$k$H!"%W%H%l%^%$%*%9$NE7F0@b$G$O4QB,7k2L$H9g$o$J$$ItJ,$,$G$F$/$k$3$H$,CN$i$l$F$-$^$7$?!#%3%Z%k%K%/%9(J Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1543)$B$O!"%"%j%9%?%k%3%9$NCOF0@b$K5S8w$rEv$F$^$7$?!#Ev;~$N0lHLE*$J9M$($KH?$7$FCO5e$O$^$o$C$F$$$k$H9M$($?$N$G$9!#EvA3$N$4$H$/652q$O$3$l$KH?H/$7!"CF05$7$^$7$?!#(J

$B%$%?%j%"$N%,%j%l%*!&%,%j%l%$(J Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642)$B$O%"%j%9%H%F%l%9$N9M$($?J*M}K!B'$dE7F0@b$K??$C8~$+$iH?BP$7$^$7$?!#H`$OK>1s6@$r<+:n$7!"$=$l$K$h$C$FLZ@1$N$^$o$j$r$^$o$k1R@1(J($B%,%j%l%*1R@1(J)$B$d!"EZ@1$NNX$J$I$rH/8+$7$F$$$^$9!#LZ@1$N$^$o$j$r$^$o$kE7BN$,B8:_$9$k$H$$$&$3$H$O!"A4$F$NE7BN$OCO5e$N$^$o$j$r$^$o$k$H65$($F$$$?652q$N9M$($KH?$7$^$9!#4QB,;v $B%,%j%l%*$HF1@$Be$N%I%$%D?M!"%h%O%M%9!&%1%W%i!<(J Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630)$B$O!"$=$N;U>"$N%F%#%3!&%V%i!<%X(J Tycho Brahe (1546 - 1601)$B$N4QB,7k2L$r85$K%1%W%i!<$N;0K!B'$rH/8+$7$^$7$?!#Bh0l$KOG@1$OB@M[$N$^$o$j$rBJ1_50F;$rIA$$$F$$$k!#BhFs$KOG@1$,B@M[$+$iN%$l$F$$$k$H$-$O$f$C$/$j$HF0$-!"6a$$$H$-$OB.$/F0$/!#Bh;0$KOG@1$,B@M[$N$^$o$j$r$^$o$k<~4|$NFs>h$OBJ1_50F;$ND9H>7B$N;0>h$KHfNc$9$k!#(J
$B%,%j%l%*$NH/8+$7$?J*M}K!B'$H%1%W%i!<$N;0K!B'$r$b$H$K!"%$%.%j%9$N%"%$%6%C%/!&%K%e!<%H%s(J Sir Isaac Newton (1643 - 1727)$B$O%K%e!<%H%s$NK!B'$dK|M-0zNO$NK!B'$r9M$(=P$7$^$7$?!#(J
$B%K%e!<%H%s$NK!B'$O$U$?$D$NE7BN$N$"$$$@$N1?F0$r40A4$K5,Dj$7$F$$$^$7$?!#e$NE7BN$N1?F0$,$"$o$5$C$F$$$k$N$G$9$,!"@]F0K!$H$$$&6a;wJ}K!$rMQ$$$k$HOG@1$N1?F0$O4QB,7k2L$H$[$\0lCW$7$^$7$?!#(J

19$B@$5*$^$G$KOG@1$N1?F0$O$[$\40A4$K7W;;$G$-$k$h$&$K$J$C$F$$$?$N$G$9$,!"?e@1$N6aF|E@(J($BBJ1_$NB@M[$K6a$$J}$N0LCV(J)$B$,$9$3$7$:$D$:$l$F$$$/8=>]$r@bL@$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$;$s$G$7$?!#$H$3$m$,(J20$B@$5*$KF~$C$F!"%"%k%P!<%H!&%"%$%s%7%e%?%$%s(J Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955)$B$N0lHLAjBP@-M}O@$K$h$C$F!"%K%e!<%H%s$N1?F0J}Dx<0$,=$@5$5$l!"?e@1$N6aF|E@$N0\F0$b@bL@$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k$h$&$K$J$C$?$N$G$7$?!#(J
$B$5$F!"CO5e$O1'Ch$NCf?4$+$iDI$$=P$5$l$^$7$?$,!"B@M[$O0MA31'Ch$NCf?4$KCV$+$lB3$1$^$7$?!#E7BN4QB,5;=Q$N?JJb$K$h$C$F6d2O$H$$$&@1$N=8$^$j$,4QB,$5$l$k$h$&$K$J$j!"B@M[$b$=$N6d2O$N$R$H$D$NCf$K$"$k$H9M$($i$l$k$h$&$K$J$C$?$N$G$9$,!"B@M[$O$=$N6d2O$NCf?4$K$"$k$b$N$H9M$($i$l$^$7$?!#$7$+$7!"4QB,5;=Q$,?J$`$K$D$l$F!"B@M[$O6d2O$NCf?4$+$iLs(J3$BK|8wG/$bN%$l$?$H$3$m$K$"$k$H$$$&$3$H$,$o$+$C$F$-$^$7$?!#(J
$B$5$i$KB@M[$,$"$k6d2O$G$9$,!"$3$l$bB>$N%"%s%I%m%a%@6d2O$J$I$HF1$8J?K^$J6d2O$N$R$H$D$K$9$.$:!"1'Ch$NCf?4$G$b$J$s$G$b$J$$$3$H$,8=:_$G$O$o$+$C$F$$$^$9!#(J